SCAN_71-01

71-01 ACOUSTICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
Vibroacoustic Response of Residential Housing due to Sonic Boom Exposure: A Summary of two Field Tests
Document ID:
20080031113
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
CASI Hardcopy A03 Copyright
Author(s):
Klos, Jacob (NASA Langley Research Center) Buehrle, Ralph (NASA Langley Research Center) Sullivan, Brenda (NASA Langley Research Center) Gavin, Joseph (Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.) Salamone, Joseph (Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.) Haering, Edward A., jr. (NASA Dryden Flight Research Center) Miller, Denise M. (Pennsylvania State Univ.)
Published:
20080728
Source:
NASA Langley Research Center (Hampton, VA, United States)
Pages:
12
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Two experiments have been performed to measure the vibroacoustic response of houses exposed to sonic booms. In 2006, an old home in the base housing area of Edwards Air Force Base, built around 1960 and demolished in 2007, was instrumented with 288 transducers. During a 2007 follow-on test, a newer home in the base housing area, built in 1997, was instrumented with 112 transducers. For each experiment, accelerometers were placed on walls, windows and ceilings in bedrooms of the house to measure the vibration response of the structure. Microphones were placed outside and inside the house to measure the excitation field and resulting interior sound field. The vibroacoustic response of each house was measured for sonic boom amplitudes spanning from 2.4 to 96 Pa (0.05 to 2 lbf/sq ft). The boom amplitudes were systematically varied using a unique dive maneuver of an F/A-18 airplane. In total, the database for both houses contains vibroacoustic response data for 154 sonic booms. In addition, several tests were performed with mechanical shaker excitation of the structure to characterize the forced response of the houses. The purpose of this paper is to summarize all the data from these experiments that are available to the research community, and to compare and contrast the vibroacoustic behavior of these two dissimilar houses.
Language:
English
Notes:
Noise-Con 2008 Dearborn, MI 28-31 Jul. 2008

71-02 ULTRASONICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

No records are available for this topic on this date.

72-01 ATOMIC PHYSICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
Results from pp at 62.4 and 200 GeV with the BRAHMS Experiment
Document ID:
20080031191
Report #:
DE2007-910364, BNL-78044-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
(Author(s) Not Available)
Published:
20070501
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
10
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Measurements of elementary pp collisions are essential for understanding heavy ion collisions. Results for pp collisions at 200 and 62.4 GeV are presented. At both energies NLO pQCD describes pion production well. The measured pion transverse single spin asymmetries are very large at 62.4 GeV and are reasonably well described by models relying on pQCD at transverse momenta larger than 1 GeV/c.
Language:
English

72-02 MOLECULAR PHYSICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

No records are available for this topic on this date.

73-01 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
Thermodynamics of Two-Flavor Lattice QCD With an Improved Wilson Quark Action at Non-Zero Temperature and Density
Document ID:
20080030999
Report #:
DE2007-913071, BNL-79144-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Maezawa, Y. Aoki, S. Ejiri, S. Hatsuda, T. Ishii, N.
Published:
20070701
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY United States) Tokyo Univ. (Japan) Tsukuba Univ. (Japan)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
No abstract available
Language:
English

Title:
Strange Quarks in the Nucleon Sea: Result from HAPPEX II
Document ID:
20080031005
Report #:
DE2007-912938
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Aniol, K. A.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Department of Energy (Washington, DC United States)
Pages:
4
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The structure of the nucleon is of fundamental interest. Almost all the non-dark-matter mass in the Universe is contained within the nucleon. The nucleon is unique among systems of ordinary matter in that most of its mass is not due to the masses of its constituents. For example, QCD calculations of nucleon mass propose that most of the nucleon's mass is due to the energy in the gluon fields. Such strong gluon fields are expected to give rise to significant numbers of virtual quark and antiquark pairs. Indeed, the importance of this sea of qq pairs has been demonstrated in the analysis of vN scattering. Since the nucleon contains no net strangeness, any effect of strange quarks on the structure of the nucleon should be attributable to the strange-quark sea. Hints of the importance of the strange quark sea to the mass of the nucleon or to the spin structure of the nucleon raise the question of whether static properties of the nucleon ground state, such as the electromagnetic form factors, also depend on the strength of the strange-quark sea.
Language:
English

Title:
Accelerating Polarized Protons to 250 GeV
Document ID:
20080031011
Report #:
DE2007-910391, BNL-77501-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Bai, M. Ahrens, L. Alekseev, G. Alessi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) as the first high energy polarized proton collider was designed to provide polarized proton collisions at a maximum beam energy of 250 GeV. It has been providing collisions at a beam energy of 100 Gel' since 2001. Equipped with two full Siberian snakes in each ring, polarization is preserved during tlie acceleration from injection to 100 GeV with careful control of the betatron tunes and the vertical orbit distortions. However, the intrinsic spin resonances beyond 100 GeIT are about a factor of two stronger than those below 100 GeIT making it important to examine the impact of these strong intrinsic spin resonances on polarization survival and the tolerance for vertical orbit distortions. Polarized protons were accelerated to the record energy of 250 GeV in RHIC with a polarization of 46% measured at top energy in 2006. The polarization measurement as a function of beam energy also shows some polarization loss around 136 GeV, the first strong intrinsic resonance above 100 GeV. This paper presents the results and discusses the sensitivity of the polarization survival to orbit distortions.
Language:
English

Title:
Discovery and Measurement of Excited B Hadrons at the Collider Detector at Fermilab
Document ID:
20080031020
Report #:
DE2007-913190
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Pursley, J. M.
Published:
20070801
Source:
Johns Hopkins Univ. (Baltimore, MD, United States)
Pages:
310
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
;Partial Contents: Introduction; Theoretical Motivation; Experimental Apparatus; Data and Monte Carlo Samples; Measurements; Systematic Error Analysis; Summary; Hadronic Two Displaced Track SVT Trigger; Analysis Quality Requirements; Bibliography.
Language:
English

Title:
RHIC Plans Towards Higher Luminosity
Document ID:
20080031057
Report #:
DE2007-910382, BNL-77343-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Fedotov, A. V.
Published:
20070601
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
7
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is designed to provide luminosity over a wide range of beam energies and species, including heavy ions, polarized protons, and tric beam collisions. In the first seven years of operation there has been a rapid increase in the achieved peak and average luminosity, substantially exceeding design values. Work is presently underway to achieve the Enhanced Design parameters. Planned major upgrades include the Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS), RHIC-11, and construction of an electron-ion collider (eRHIC). We review the expected RHIC upgrade performance. Electron cooling and its impact on the luminosity both for heavy ions and protons are discussed in detail.
Language:
English
Notes:
\

Title:
Dynamic Aperture Evaluation at the Current Working Point for RHIC Polarized Proton Operation
Document ID:
20080031073
Report #:
DE2007-910412, BNL-77537-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Luo, Y. Bai, M. Beebe-Wang, J. Fischer, W. Jain, A.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
With the updated multipole magnet field errors in the interaction region, detailed dynamic aperture studies are carried out around the current RHIC polarized proton working point.
Language:
English

Title:
Measurement and Correction of Third Resonance Driving Term in the RHIC
Document ID:
20080031075
Report #:
DE2007-910410, BNL-77535-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Luo, Y. Bai, M. Calaga, R. Bengtsson, J. Fischer, W.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
To further improve the luminosity in polarized proton operation of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, correction of the horizontal two-third resonance at store is desirable. The long-lasting coherent beam oscillations, produced by the AC dipole, are used to measure 3Q,'s resonance driving term hsooooth rough the analysis of turn-by-turn beam position data with the algorithm outlined by J. Bengtsson. The resonance driving term h30000c an be compensated with the 12 arc chromatic sextupole families. In this article, we will review the technique of h sooo resonance driving term's measurement and correction with AC dipole excitation in the RHIC, followed by the preliminary beam experiment results from the RHIC 2006 polarized proton run.
Language:
English

Title:
Low Gamma(t) Injection Lattice for Polarized Protons in RHIC
Document ID:
20080031084
Report #:
DE2007-910416, BNL-77544-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Montag, C.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Polarized protons are injected into the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) just above transition energy. When installation of a cold partial Siberian snake in the AGS required lowering the injection energy by Delta gamma = 0.56, the transition energy in RHIC had to be lowered accordingly ensure proper longitudinal matching. This paper presents lattice modifications implemented to lower the transition energy by Delta gamma (sub t) = 0.8.
Language:
English

Title:
Near-Integer Working Point for Polarized Protons in the Realativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Document ID:
20080031086
Report #:
DE2007-910415, BNL-77543-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
(Author(s) Not Available)
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
To achieve the RHIC polarized proton enhanced luminosity goal of 150.10(30)cm(-2)sec(-1) on average in stores at 250 GeV, the luminosity needs to be increased by a factor of 3 compared to what was achieved in 2006. Since the number of bunches is already at its maximum of 111, limited by the injection kickers and the experiments' time resolution, the luminosity can only be increased by either increasing the bunch intensity and/or reducing the beam emittance. This leads to a larger beam-beam tuneshift parameter. Operations during 2006 has shown that the beam-beam interaction is already dominating the luminosity lifetime. To overcome this limitation, a near-integer working point is under study. We will present recent results of these studies.
Language:
English

Title:
Measurement of the Average Energy and Multiplicity of Prompt-Fission-Neutrons from (238)U(n,f) and (237)Np(n,f) from 1 to 200 MeV
Document ID:
20080031182
Report #:
DE2007-910376, BNL-78163-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Taieb, J. Granier, T. Ethvignot, T. Devlin, M. Haight, R. C.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
No abstract available
Language:
English

Title:
Complete Scheme of Ionization Cooling for a Muon Collider
Document ID:
20080031186
Report #:
DE2007-910370, BNL-78088-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Palmer, R. B. Berg, J. S. Fernow, R. C. Gallardo, J. C. Kirk, H. G.
Published:
20070601
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
A complete scheme for production and cooling a muon beam for three specified muon colliders is presented. Parameters for these muon colliders are given. The scheme starts with the front end of a proposed neutrino factory that yields bunch trains of both muon signs. Emittance exchange cooling in slow helical lattices reduces the longitudinal emittance until it becomes possible to merge the trains into single bunches, one of each sign. Further cooling in all dimensions is applied to the single bunches in further slow helical lattices. Final transverse cooling to the required parameters is achieved in 50 T solenoids using high TC superconductor at 4 K. Preliminary simulations of each element are presented.
Language:
English

Title:
Working Group 1 Summary for the 2006 FFAG Workshop at KURRI
Document ID:
20080031187
Report #:
DE2007-910369, BNL-78085-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Berg, J. S.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
This paper summarizes the workshop presentations at the 2006 FFAG Workshop at KURRI related to FFAG use for muons. The particular topics covered were harmonic number jump acceleration, ionization cooling, PRISM and muon phase rotation, tracking and error analysis, and our understanding of scaling and non-scaling FFAGs.
Language:
English

Title:
Remote Operations for LHC and CMS
Document ID:
20080031192
Report #:
DE2007-909897, FERMILAB-CONF-07-124-E
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Gottschalk, E.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (Batavia, IL, United States)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Commissioning the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and its experiments will be a vital part of the worldwide high energy physics program beginning in 2007. A remote operations center has been built at Fermilab to contribute to commissioning and operations of the LHC and the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, and to develop new capabilities for real-time data analysis and monitoring for LHC, CMS, and grid computing. Remote operations will also be essential to a future International Linear Collider with its multiple, internationally distributed control rooms. In this paper we present an overview of Fermilab's LHC/FNAL remote operations center for LHC and CMS, describe what led up to the development of the center, and describe noteworthy features of the center.
Language:
English

Title:
Origin of the Nuclear Equation of State at the Quark Level
Document ID:
20080031202
Report #:
DE2007-910561
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Thomas, A. W.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center (Newport News, VA, United States)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
There is a measure of debate within the nuclear community concerning the relevance of quark degrees of freedom in understanding nuclear structure. We briefly outline some of the key issues and review the impressive progress made recently within the framework of the quark-meson coupling model. In particular, we explain in quite general terms how the modification of the internal structure of hadrons in-medium leads naturally to three- and four-body forces, or equivalently to density dependent effective interactions.
Language:
English

Title:
Design Studies of High-Luminosity Ring-Ring Electron-Ion Collider at CEBAF
Document ID:
20080031548
Report #:
DE2007-910449
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Bogacz, A. Brindza, P. Bruell, A. Cardman, L. Delayen, J.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, United States) Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY United States) Argonne National Lab. (IL United States) Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russian Federation)
Pages:
3
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Experimental studies of fundamental structure of nucleons require an electron-ion collider of a center-of-mass energy up to 90 GeV at luminosity up to 1035 cm-2s-1 with both beams polarized. A CEBAF-based collider of 9 GeV electrons/positrons and 225 GeV ions is envisioned to meet this science need and as a next step for CEBAF after the planned 12 GeV energy upgrade of the fixed target program. A ring-ring scheme of this collider developed recently takes advantage of the existing polarized electron CW beam from the CEBAF and a green-field design of an ion complex with electron cooling. We present a conceptual design and report design studies of this high-luminosity collider.
Language:
English

Title:
Nucleon Structure and Hyperon Form Factors from Lattice QCD
Document ID:
20080031550
Report #:
DE2007-910445
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Lin, H.
Published:
20070701
Source:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, United States) Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
18
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
In this work, I report the latest lattice QCD calculations of nucleon and hyperon structure from chiral fermions in 2+1-flavor dynamical simulations. All calculations are done with a chirally symmetric fermion action, domain-wall fermions, for valence quarks. I begin with the latest lattice results on the nucleon structure, focusing on results from RBC/UKQCD using 2+1-flavor chiral fermion actions. We find the chiral-extrapolated axial coupling constant at physical pion mass point to be 1.23(5), consistant with experimental value. The renormalization constants for the structure functions are obtained from RI/MOM-scheme non-perturbative renormalization. We find first moments of the polarized and unpolarized nucleon structure functions at zero transfer momentum to be 0.133(13) and 0.203(23) respectively, using continuum chiral extrapolation. These are consistent with the experimental values, unlike previous calculations which have been 50% larger. We also have a prediction for the transversity, which we find to be 0.56(4). The twist-3 matrix element is consistent with zero which agrees with the prediction of the Wandzura-Wilczek relation. In the second half of this work, I report an indirect dynamical estimation of the strangeness proton magnetic moments using mixed actions. With the analysis of hyperon form factors and using charge symmetry, the strangeness of proton is found to be -0.066(26), consistent with the Adelaide-JLab Collaboration's result. The hyperon Sigma and Xi axial coupling constants are also performed for the first time in a lattice calculation, g SigmaSigma = 0.441(14) and g XiXi = -0.277(11).
Language:
English

Title:
Observation of Experimental Background in RHIC Polarized Proton Run 2006
Document ID:
20080031557
Report #:
DE2007-910429, BNL-77564-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Zhang, S. Y. Trbojevic, D.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The beam-gas has affected STAR background in RHIC proton Run 2005, but not in Run 2006. With higher beam intensity in Run 2008, the beam-gas effect at STAR may be of concern. The ratio of ZDC background and coincident rate seems to be useful in proton runs in evaluating the experimental background.
Language:
English

Title:
Proton Beam Emittance Growth at RHIC
Document ID:
20080031558
Report #:
DE2007-910428, BNL-77563-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Zhang, S. Y. Ptitsyn, V.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
With significant beam intensity improvement in RHIC polarized proton runs in 2005 and 2006, the emittance growth becomes a luminosity limiting factor. The beam emittance growth has a dependence on the dynamic pressure rise, which in RHIC proton runs is mainly caused by the electron cloud. The beam instability is usually absent, and the emittance growth rate is much slower than the ones caused by the head-tail instability. It is suspected that the emittance growth is caused by the electron cloud below the instability threshold.
Language:
English

Title:
Nuclear Reactor/Hydrogen Process Interface Including the HyPEP Model
Document ID:
20080031640
Report #:
DE2007-912461, INL/CON-07-12488
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Sherman, S. R.
Published:
20070501
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
9
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
The Nuclear Reactor/Hydrogen Plant interface is the intermediate heat transport loop that will connect a very high temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor (VHTR) to a thermochemical, high-temperature electrolysis, or hybrid hydrogen production plant. A prototype plant called the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) is planned for construction and operation at the Idaho National Laboratory in the 2018-2021 timeframe, and will involve a VHTR, a high-temperature interface, and a hydrogen production plant. The interface is responsible for transporting high-temperature thermal energy from the nuclear reactor to the hydrogen production plant while protecting the nuclear plant from operational disturbances at the hydrogen plant. Development of the interface is occurring under the DOE Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative (NHI) and involves the study, design, and development of high-temperature heat exchangers, heat transport systems, materials, safety, and integrated system models. Research and development work on the system interface began in 2004 and is expected to continue at least until the start of construction of an engineering-scale demonstration plant.
Language:
English

Title:
Growth and Expansion of the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project and the Newly Organized International Reactor Physics Experiment Evaluation Project
Document ID:
20080031648
Report #:
DE2007-912441, INL/CON-06-11655
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Briggs, J. B. Scott, L. Rugama, Y. Satori, E.
Published:
20070501
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
9
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
Since ICNC 2003, the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) has continued to expand its efforts and broaden its scope. Criticality-alarm / shielding type benchmarks and fundamental physics measurements that are relevant to criticality safety applications are not only included in the scope of the project, but benchmark data are also included in the latest version of the handbook. A considerable number of improvements have been made to the searchable database, DICE and the criticality-alarm / shielding benchmarks and fundamental physics measurements have been included in the database. There were 12 countries participating on the ICSBEP in 2003. That number has increased to 18 with recent contributions of data and/or resources from Brazil, Czech Republic, Poland, India, Canada, and China. South Africa, Germany, Argentina, and Australia have been invited to participate. Since ICNC 2003, the contents of the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments have increased from 350 evaluations (28,000 pages) containing benchmark specifications for 3070 critical or subcritical configurations to 442 evaluations (over 38,000 pages) containing benchmark specifications for 3957 critical or subcritical configurations, 23 criticality-alarm-placement / shielding configurations with multiple dose points for each, and 20 configurations that have been categorized as fundamental physics measurements that are relevant to criticality safety applications in the 2006 Edition of the ICSBEP Handbook. Approximately 30 new evaluations and 250 additional configurations are expected to be added to the 2007 Edition of the Handbook. Since ICNC 2003, a reactor physics counterpart to the ICSBEP, The International Reactor Physics Experiment Evaluation Project (IRPhEP) was initiated. Beginning in 1999, the IRPhEP was conducted as a pilot activity by the by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Nuclear Science Committee (NSC). The project was endorsed as an official activity of the NSC in June of 2003. The IRPhEP is patterned after its predecessor, the ICSBEP, but focuses on other integral measurements such as buckling, spectral characteristics, reactivity effects, reactivity coefficients, kinetics measurements, reaction-rate and power distributions, nuclide compositions and other miscellaneous types of measurements in addition to the critical configuration.
Language:
English

Title:
On the Possibility of Observing the SZ Effect on the WMAP Maps
Document ID:
20080031689
Report #:
INPE-14779-TDI/1232
Sales Agency:
CASI CD-ROM C01 Copyright
Author(s):
Trevisan, Marina (Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais)
Published:
20070101
Source:
Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais (Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil)
Pages:
145
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect offers a unique and powerful observational tool in cosmology and in large scale structure studies. It is a spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) caused by inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons by hot electrons present in the central regions of galaxy clusters, and is insensitive to the redshift of the cluster. In this work, the methods and results of SZ effect observations using Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data in Q (41 GHz), V (61 GHz) and W (94 GHz) bands are presented. The radial profiles of the temperature deviation of the CMB are obtained for a sample of 42 clusters of galaxies. These profiles are compared to the expected profiles, inferred by considering the isothermal beta model derived from X-ray data and taking into account the WMAP point spread function. The comparison is performed considering the difference between the central values of the predicted and observed profiles, weighted by the uncertainties involved. The average observed SZ decrement only accounts for about 1/3 of the expected decrement. The difference between predicted and observed decrements is 0.119 +/- 0.014 mK at 95% confidence level. Part of this discrepancy between expected and observed decrements can be explained by the presence of factors that affect SZ measurements, such as Galaxy emission, radio sources, substructures, instrument noise and CMB fluctuations, with amplitudes of the order of the SZ effect itself. Excluding clusters that are prone to contamination, the discrepancy between X-ray and WMAP data is reduced, resulting in a difference between predicted and observed decrements of 0.059 +/- 0.026 mK, at 95% confidence level.
Language:
Portuguese

Title:
Simulations of Parametric-Resonance Ionization Cooling
Document ID:
20080031720
Report #:
DE2007-910919
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Newsham, D. Sah, R. Bogaca, A. Chao, Y. C. Derbenev, Y.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Muons, Inc. (Batavia, IL, United States) Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center (Newport News, VA, United States)
Pages:
3
Contract #:
DE-FG02-04ER84016
Abstract:
Parametric-resonance ionization cooling (PIC) is a muon-cooling technique that is useful for low-emittance muon colliders. This method requires a well-tuned focusing channel that is free of chromatic and spherical aberrations. In order to be of practical use in a muon collider, it also necessary that the focusing channel be as short as possible to minimize muon loss due to decay. G4Beamline numerical simulations are presented of a compact PIC focusing channel in which spherical aberrations are minimized by using design symmetry.
Language:
English

Title:
Novel Silicon Carbide Detector for Active Inspections
Document ID:
20080031728
Report #:
DE2007-911937, INL/CON-07-12143
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Jones, J. L. Blackburn, B. W. Ruddy, F. H. Seidel, J. G. Flammang, R. W.
Published:
20070301
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
The need to address increasingly challenging inspection requirements (such as large volume objects, very fast inspection throughputs, potentially significant shielding, etc.) for such items as nuclear materials and explosives will require the use of active interrogation technologies. While these active technologies can successfully address these challenges by inducing unique, temporal signatures, the inspection environment will also induce overall background signals that can be orders of magnitude larger than the induced signatures. Detectors that can successfully operate in these types of customized, inspection environments (pulsed and continuous) and successfully extract induced signature data are clearly needed and will effectively define the limitations of any active inspection system. A novel silicon carbide detector is now being investigated to successfully address both neutron- and photon/bremsstrahlung-type inspection applications. While this paper describes this detector and highlights efforts related to neutron inspection, it will focus on its neutron and gamma-ray/photon detection performance in neutron- and bremssstrahlung-type inspection applications.
Language:
English

73-02 RADIOACTIVITY
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
Highly Enriched Uranium Metal Annuli and Cylinders with Polyethylene Reflectors and/or Internal Polyethylene Moderator
Document ID:
20080031642
Report #:
DE2007-912458, INL/CON-06-11658
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Sumner, T. Briggs, J. B. Montierth, L. M.
Published:
20070501
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
10
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
A variety of critical experiments were constructed of enriched uranium metal during the 1960s and 1970s at the Oak Ridge Critical Experiments Facility in support of criticality safety operations at the Y-12 Plant. The purposes of these experiments included the evaluation of storage, casting, and handling limits for the Y-12 Plant and providing data for verification of calculation methods and cross-sections for nuclear criticality safety applications. These included solid cylinders of various diameters, annuli of various inner and outer diameters, two and three interacting cylinders of various diameters, and graphite and polyethylene reflected cylinders and annuli. Of the hundreds of delayed critical experiments, experiments of uranium metal annuli with and without polyethylene reflectors and with the central void region either empty or filled with polyethylene were evaluated under ICSBEP Identifier HEU-MET-FAST-076. The outer diameter of the uranium annuli varied from 9 to 15 inches in two-inch increments. In addition, there were uranium metal cylinders with diameters varying from 7 to 15 inches with complete reflection and reflection on one flat surface to simulate floor reflection. Most of the experiments were performed between February 1964 and April 1964. Five partially reflected (reflected on the top only) experiments were assembled in November 1967, but are judged by the evaluators not to be of benchmark quality. Twenty-four of the twenty-five experiments have been determined to have fast spectra. The only exception has a mixed spectrum. Analyses were performed in which uncertainty associated with five different parameters associated with the uranium parts and three associated with the polyethylene parts was evaluated. Included were uranium mass, height, diameter, isotopic content, and impurity content and polyethylene mass, diameter, and impurity content. There were additional uncertainties associated with assembly alignment, support structure, and the value for eff. In addition to the idealizations made by the experimenters (removal of a diaphragm), a few simplifications were also made to the benchmark models that resulted in a small bias and additional uncertainty. Simplifications included omission of the support structure, possible surrounding equipment, and the walls, floor, and ceiling of the experimental cell.
Language:
English

Title:
Off-Gas Mercury Control Using Sulfur-Impregnated Activated Carbon-Test Results
Document ID:
20080031647
Report #:
DE2007-912449, INL/CON-07-12422
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Soelberg, N. Olson, A. Boardman, R. Ryan, K. Mason, B.
Published:
20070501
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
15
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Several laboratory and pilot-scale tests since the year 2000 have included demonstrations of off-gas mercury control using fixed bed, sulfur-impregnated activated carbon. These demonstrations have included operation of carbon beds with gas streams containing a wide range of mercury and other gas species concentrations representing off-gas from several U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) mixed waste treatment processes including electrical resistance heated (joule-heated) glass melters, fluidized bed calciners, and fluidized bed steam reformers. Surrogates of various DOE mixed waste streams (or surrogates of offgas from DOE mixed waste streams) including INL sodium bearing waste (SBW), liquid low activity waste (LAW) from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and liquid waste from Savannah River National Laboratory (Tank 48H waste) have been tested. Test results demonstrate mercury control efficiencies up to 99.999%, high enough to comply with the Hazardous Waste (HWC) Combustor Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standards even when the uncontrolled off-gas mercury concentrations exceed 400,000 ug/dscm (at 7% O2), and confirm carbon bed design parameters for such high efficiencies. Results of several different pilot-scale and engineering-scale test programs performed over several years are presented and compared.
Language:
English

Title:
Methods of Gas Phase Capture of Iodine from Fuel Reprocessing Off-Gas: A Literature Survey
Document ID:
20080031726
Report #:
DE2007-911962, INL/EXT-07-12299
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Haefner, D. R. Tranter, T. J.
Published:
20070201
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
25
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
A literature survey was conducted to collect information and summarize the methods available to capture iodine from fuel reprocessing off-gases. Techniques were categorized as either wet scrubbing or solid adsorbent methods, and each method was generally described as it might be used under reprocessing conditions. Decontamination factors are quoted only to give a rough indication of the effectiveness of the method. No attempt is made to identify a preferred capture method at this time, although activities are proposed that would provide a consistent baseline that would aid in evaluating technologies.
Language:
English

Title:
Detection of Microbial Sulfate-Reduction Associated with Buried Stainless Steel Coupons
Document ID:
20080031729
Report #:
DE2007-911935, INL/CON-06-11127
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Delwiche, M. Olson, A. Flitton, K. A.
Published:
20070301
Source:
Idaho National Engineering Lab. (Idaho Falls, ID, United States)
Pages:
12
Contract #:
DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to demonstrate applicability of an innovative radioactive isotope method for imaging microbial activity in geological materials to a comprehensive study of metal corrosion. The method was tested on a sample of stainless steel coupons that had been buried as part of a corrosion study initiated by the National Institute of Standards and Testing or NIST (known as National Bureau of Standards prior to 1988) in 1970. The images showed evidence of microbial activity that could be mapped on a millimeter scale to coupon surfaces. A second more conventional isotope tracer method was also used to provide a quantitative measure of the same type of microbial activity in soil proximal to the buried coupons. Together the techniques offer a method for evaluating low metabolic levels of activity that have the potential for significant cumulative corrosion effects. The methods are powerful tools for evaluation of potential for microbial induced corrosion to buried steel components used on pipelines, in the power and communications infrastructure, and in nuclear waste repository containers.
Language:
English

74-01 OPTICS
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
New Methods for Presicion Moller Polarimetry
Document ID:
20080031003
Report #:
DE2007-912940
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Gaskell, D. Meekins, D. G. Yan, C.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, United States)
Pages:
6
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Precision electron beam polarimetry is becoming increasingly important as parity violation experiments attempt to probe the frontiers of the standard model. In the few GeV regime, Moller polarimetry is well suited to high-precision measurements, however is generally limited to use at relatively low beam currents (< 10 mA). We present a novel technique that will enable precision Moller polarimetry at very large currents, up to 100 mA.
Language:
English

Title:
High Resolution Near Infrared Spectrometer to Study the Zodiacal Light Spectrum
Document ID:
20080031151
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources No Copyright
Author(s):
Kutyrev, Alexander (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Arendt, Richard G. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Dwek, Eli (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Moseley, Samuel H. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Silverberg, Robert F. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Rapchun, David (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
Published:
20080107
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
We are developing a near infrared spectrometer for measuring solar absorption lines in the zodiacal light in the near infrared region. R. Reynolds at el. (2004, ApJ 612, 1206) demonstrated that observing single Fraunhofer line can be a powerful tool for extracting zodiacal light parameters based on their measurements of the profile of the Mg I line at 5184 A. We are extending this technique to the near infrared with the primary goal of measuring the absolute intensity of the zodiacal light. This measurement will provide the crucial information needed to accurately subtract zodiacal emission from the DIRBE measurements to get a much higher quality measurement of the extragalactic IR background. The instrument design is based on a dual Fabry-Perot interferometer with a narrow band filter. Its double etalon design allows to achieve high spectral contrast to reject the bright out of band telluric OH emission. High spectral contrast is absolutely necessary to achieve detection limits needed to accurately measure the intensity of the absorption line. We present the design, estimated performance of the instrument with the expected results of the observing program.
Language:
English
Notes:
American Astronomical Society Austin, TX 7-10 Jan. 2008

Title:
The "Best Worst" Field Optimization and Focusing
Document ID:
20080031154
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources Copyright
Author(s):
Vaughnn, David (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Moore, Ken (Zemax Development Corp.) Bock, Noah (Rudolph Technologies) Zhou, Wei (Rudolph Technologies) Ming, Liang (National Optical Astronomy Observatories) Wilson, Mark (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
Published:
20080623
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
A simple algorithm for optimizing and focusing lens designs is presented. The goal of the algorithm is to simultaneously create the best and most uniform image quality over the field of view. Rather than relatively weighting multiple field points, only the image quality from the worst field point is considered. When optimizing a lens design, iterations are made to make this worst field point better until such a time as a different field point becomes worse. The same technique is used to determine focus position. The algorithm works with all the various image quality metrics. It works with both symmetrical and asymmetrical systems. It works with theoretical models and real hardware.
Language:
English
Notes:
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2008 Conference Marseille 23-28 Jun. 2008

Title:
Canopy Level Solar Induced Fluorescence for Vegetation in Controlled Experiments
Document ID:
20080031162
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources Copyright
Author(s):
Middleton, E. M. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Corp, L. A. (Science Systems and Applications, Inc.) Campbell, P. K. Entcheva (Maryland Univ. Baltimore County)
Published:
20070723
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) was retrieved from high resolution reflectance spectra acquired one meter above saplings of three deciduous tree species during springtime (three weeks after leaf flush) and in late summer when foliage was mature. SIF was determined by application of the Fraunhofer Line Depth (FLD) Principal to above-canopy spectra acquired with an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) Fieldspec spectroradiometer (3.2 nm resolution with 1.2 nm sampling interval). SIF retrievals were made at the two atmospheric oxygen (O2) absorption features that occur in the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) region (660 -780 nm). These telluric features are 02V, the broader and deeper feature centered at 760 nm, but located on the shoulder of the far-red ChlF peak at 740 nm; and 023, a narrow feature centered at 688 nm that is positioned near the red ChlF peak at 685 nm. Supporting, coincident leaf level fluorescence, reflectance, photochemical and other measurements were also made. At the leaf level, these measurements included in situ photosynthetic capacity (Pmax) and light adapted total chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs') collected at steady state under high light and controlled chamber conditions (e.g., temperature, PAR, humidity, and COz); optical properties (reflectance, transmittance, absorptance); chlorophyll and carotenoid content; specific leaf mass; carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content; fluorescence emission spectra at multiple excitation wavelengths; the ChlF contribution to red (R) and far-red (FR) reflectance; fluorescence imagery; and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs). The tree species examined were tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraczflua L.), and each had been provided four levels of N augmentation (0, 19, 37, and 75 kg Nhectare seasonally) to simulate atmospheric deposition from air pollution. Whole-plant SIF measurements of these species were compared with SIF estimates derived using FluorMOD, a radiative transfer model that includes fluorescence properties of foliage, when provided with our supporting measurements. Simulated values for SIF were also compared with similar estimates made over three years for corn (Zea mays L) crops under N treatments (20, 50,70, and 140 kg Nhectare) and with corn and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants provided dimethyl urea (DCMU, 0 and 5 x 10" M) which were grown in pots and grouped in artificial canopies for spectral measurements. For near-surface measurements of healthy and stressed vegetation, red SIF retrieved at 688 nm (023) varied between 2-7 mW/m(exp 2)/nm/sr while far-red SIF retrieved at 760 nm (O2A) varied between 0.5 and 4.0 mW/m(exp 2)/nm/sr. Typical values for the SIF red/far-red ratio ranged between 1.75 and 4.0. Relationships of SIF to spectral reflectance indices and foliar photochemical indices were examined, such as photosynthetic light use efficiency. Initial investigations of the variability in these measurements at the same leaf temperature for sunlit and shaded foliage showed us that shaded foliage produced higher ChlF and light use efficiency. Other factors that affect SIF determinations are discussed. These results will assist in determine the expected intensity of the SIF signal from vegetation near the surface, as well as to identify enhancements needed for FluorMOD (or other such models), and will assist in determining relationships of SIF to reflectance indices and carbon dynamics.
Language:
English
Notes:
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Barcelona 23-27 Jul. 2007

Title:
Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) Bunch-Length Monitor Using Coherent Radiation
Document ID:
20080031194
Report #:
DE2007-901258, SLAC-PUB-12121
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Wu, J. Emma, P.
Published:
20070321
Source:
Sandia Corp. (Livermore, CA, United States)
Pages:
3
Contract #:
DE-AC02-76SF00515
Abstract:
The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is a SASE xray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) based on the final kilometer of the Stanford Linear Accelerator. One of the most critical diagnostic devices is the bunch length monitor (BLM), which is to be installed right after each compressor utilizing coherent radiation from the last bending magnet. We describe the components and the optical layout of such a BLM. Based on the setup geometry, we discuss some issues about the coherent radiation signal.
Language:
English

Title:
Cassini/CIRS Observations of Water Vapor in Saturn's Stratosphere
Document ID:
20080031231
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources Copyright
Author(s):
Bjoraker, G. L. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Achterberg, R. K. (Maryland Univ.) Simon-Miller, A. A. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Carlson, R. C. (Catholic Univ.) Jennings, D. E. (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
Published:
20080728
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) on the Cassini spacecraft has obtained numerous spectra of Saturn at varying spectral and spatial resolutions since Saturn Orbit Insertion in 2004. Emission lines due to water vapor in Saturn's stratosphere were first detected using whole-disk observations from the Infrared Space Observatory (Feuchtgruber et al 1997) and subsequently confirmed by the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (Rergin et al 2000). CIRS has detected water and the data permit the retrieval of the latitudinal variation of water on Saturn. Emission lines of H2O on Saturn are very weak in the CIRS data. Thus. large spectral averages as well as improvements in calibration are necessary to detect water vapor. Zonally averaged nadir spectra were produced every 10 degrees of latitude. Stratospheric temperatures in the 0.5 - 5.0 mbar range were obtained by inverting spectra of CH4 in the v4 band centered at 1304 cm(exp -1). The origin of water vapor is believed to be from the ablation of micrometeorites containing water ice, followed by photochemistry. This external source of oxygen originates either from the Saturn system (from the rings or perhaps from Enceladus) or from the interplanetary medium. Connerney (1986) proposed a mechanism to transport water from the inner edge of the B-ring along magnetic field lines to specific latitudes (50N and 44S) on Saturn. Prange et al (2006) interpreted a minimum in the abundance of acetylene from ultraviolet spectra near 41S on Saturn as possibly due to an enhanced influx of water. Existing CIRS far-IR spectra are at relatively low spatial resolution, but observations at closer range planned for the extended mission will be able to test the "ring rain" mechanism by searching for localized water vapor enhancement at midlatitudes.
Language:
English
Notes:
Saturn After Cassini-Huygens Symposium/ESA and Technology Facilities Council London 28 Jul. - 1 Aug. 2008

Title:
A Novel 24 GHz One-Shot, Rapid and Portable Microwave Imaging System
Document ID:
20080031487
Report #:
None
Available Online:
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20080031487
Sales Agency:
CASI Hardcopy A01 No Copyright
Author(s):
Ghasr, M. T. (Missouri Univ.) Abou-Khousa, M. A. (Missouri Univ.) Kharkovsky, S. (Missouri Univ.) Zoughi, R. (Missouri Univ.) Pommerenke, D. (Missouri Univ.)
Published:
20080512
Source:
Missouri Univ. (Rolla, MO, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Development of microwave and millimeter wave imaging systems has received significant attention in the past decade. Signals at these frequencies penetrate inside of dielectric materials and have relatively small wavelengths. Thus. imaging systems at these frequencies can produce images of the dielectric and geometrical distributions of objects. Although there are many different approaches for imaging at these frequencies. they each have their respective advantageous and limiting features (hardware. reconstruction algorithms). One method involves electronically scanning a given spatial domain while recording the coherent scattered field distribution from an object. Consequently. different reconstruction or imaging techniques may be used to produce an image (dielectric distribution and geometrical features) of the object. The ability to perform this accurate~v and fast can lead to the development of a rapid imaging system that can be used in the same manner as a video camera. This paper describes the design of such a system. operating at 2-1 GHz. using modulated scatterer technique applied to 30 resonant slots in a prescribed measurement domain.
Language:
English
Notes:
12MTC 2008 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Victoria, BC 12-15 May 2008

Title:
Temperatures and Composition in the Saturn System from Cassini CIRS
Document ID:
20080031657
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources Copyright
Author(s):
Flasar, F. Michael (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
Published:
20080714
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
We summarize recent observations by the Composite Infrared Spectrometer of Saturn, its rings, Titan, and the icy satellites. Limb observations of Saturn show vertical oscillations of temperatures and zonal-wind shears in the equatorial region that may be related to a temporal oscillation similar to the terrestrial QBO and Jupiter's QQO. There is also evidence of subsidence at mid-northern latitudes driven by the equatorial activity. Nadir-viewing observations show compact warm spots in the troposphere and stratosphere at both (summer and winter) poles, likely associated with subsidence. Observations of Titan have defined better the characteristics of the northern winter polar vortex, with 190 m/s winds surrounding a cold atmosphere at 1 microbar. The very warm polar stratopause at 10 microbar and the enhanced abundances of organic compounds suggest subsidence within the vortex. Analysis of the zonal structure in temperature indicates that the stratospheric zonal winds rotate about an axis that is displaced approximately 4.1 deg from the IAU pole. Additional flybys, including a close one in March 2008, continue to characterize the endogenic activity in Enceladus s south polar region. Temperature maps of bright and dark terrains on Iapetus indicate that its ice is approximately stable to sublimation in the bright regions and highly unstable in the dark regions. Thermal mapping of Saturn s rings continues to constrain their composition, and observations at different solar phase angles, spacecraft elevations, solar elevations, and local hour angles have elucidated the effects of ring-particle shadowing and vertical motions on the thermal structure, and revealed the presence of small-scale structure associated with self-gravity wakes.
Language:
English
Notes:
COSPAR General Assembly Montreal 14-18 Jul. 2008

Title:
Apparatus and Method for Packaging and Integrating Microphotonic Devices
Document ID:
20080031675
Report #:
None
Available Online:
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20080031675
Sales Agency:
CASI Hardcopy A03 No Copyright
Author(s):
Nguyen, Hung (NASA Glenn Research Center)
Published:
20080708
Source:
NASA Glenn Research Center (Cleveland, OH, United States)
Pages:
19
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
An apparatus is disclosed that includes a carrier structure and an optical coupling arrangement. The carrier structure is made of a silicon material and allows for the packaging and integrating of microphotonic devices onto a single chip. The optical coupling mechanism enables laser light to be coupled into and out of a microphotonic resonant disk integrated on the carrier. The carrier provides first, second and third cavities that are dimensioned so as to accommodate the insertion and snug fitting of the microphotonic resonant disk and first and second prisms that are implemented by the optical coupling arrangement to accommodate the laser coupling.
Language:
English

Title:
Polarimetric SAR Data Analysis for Tropical Forest Volume Estimation
Document ID:
20080031687
Report #:
INPE-14777-TDI/1230
Sales Agency:
CASI CD-ROM C01 Copyright
Author(s):
Goncalves, Fabio Guimaraes (Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais)
Published:
20070101
Source:
Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais (Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil)
Pages:
110
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
In this study it was evaluated the potential of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data for the retrieval of timber volume over tropical forests, with sights to identify areas with potential for sustainable timber production. As a secondary focus, it was made a sensitivity analysis of the PolSAR data in detecting floristic and structural variations in a selectively logged tropical forest area. The work was carried out in the Tapajos National Forest using L-band data acquired by the SAR-R99B airborne sensor. Procedures such as antenna pattern correction, polarimetric calibration and absolute calibration were initially performed in the polarimetric data treatment. Multiple regression techniques were applied to find out the predictive efficacy of the PolSAR data on timber volume estimation. In such a way, ground measurements from conventional forest inventories were used to adjust first order models for timber volume prediction. The set of explanatory variables was comprised of polarimetric attributes based on radar power returns, and on phase information. The sensitivity analysis of the PolSAR data in detecting floristic and structural variations was accomplished based on target decomposition and co-polarized responses. The results suggested the most important attributes for the timber volume modeling were the HV backscattering coefficient, the volume scattering component of the Freeman decomposition, the HH-VV phase difference, and the polarimetric coherence. A set of independent data, used for the models validation, showed the mean error in the volume estimation was below 15%. Thus, the results of this study confirm the hypothesis that L-band PolSAR data can be applied to quantify timber stocks in the Amazon forest with the same accuracy as that presented by conventional forest inventories. Concerning the sensitivity analysis, the applied techniques were not effective enough to detect the floristic and structural variability in the study area.
Language:
Portuguese

Title:
Recent Developments in the Alignment and Test Plans for the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument Module
Document ID:
20080031695
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
Other Sources No Copyright
Author(s):
Ohl, Raymond (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
Published:
20080329
Source:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pages:
1
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a 6.6m diameter, segmented, deployable telescope for cryogenic IR space astronomy (approximately 40K). The JWST Observatory architecture includes the Optical Telescope Element (OTE) and the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) element that contains four science instruments (SI) including a Guider. The SIs and Guider are mounted to a composite metering structure with outer dimensions of 2.1 x 2.2 x 1.9m. The SI and Guider units are integrated to the ISIM structure and optically tested at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center as an instrument suite using an OTE SIMulator (OSIM). OSIM is a high-fidelity, cryogenic JWST telescope simulator that features a approximately 1.5m diameter powered mirror. The SIs are aligned to the structure's coordinate system under ambient, clean room conditions using laser tracker and theodolite metrology. Temperature-induced mechanical SI alignment and structural changes are measured using a photogrammetric measurement system at ambient and cryogenic temperatures. OSIM is aligned to the ISIM mechanical coordinate system at the cryogenic operating temperature via internal mechanisms and feedback from alignment sensors in six degrees of freedom. SI performance, including focus, pupil shear and wavefront error, is evaluated at the operating temperature using OSIM. We present an updated plan for the assembly and ambient and cryogenic optical alignment, test and verification of the ISIM element.
Language:
English
Notes:
Capital Science 2008 Arlington, VA 29-30 Mar. 2008

Title:
A Novel 24 Ghz One-Shot Rapid and Portable Microwave Imaging System (Camera)
Document ID:
20080031712
Report #:
None
Sales Agency:
CASI Hardcopy A03 Copyright
Author(s):
Ghasr, M.T. (Missouri Univ.) Abou-Khousa, M.A. (Missouri Univ.) Kharkovsky, S. (Missouri Univ.) Zoughi, R. (Missouri Univ.) Pommerenke, D. (Missouri Univ.)
Published:
20080512
Source:
NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (Huntsville, AL, United States)
Pages:
21
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
A novel 2D microwave imaging system at 24 GHz based on MST techniques. Enhanced sensitivity and SNR by utilizing PIN diode-loaded resonant slots. Specific slot and array design to increase transmission and reduce cross -coupling. Real-time imaging at a rate in excess of 30 images per second. Reflection as well transmission mode capabilities. Utility and application for electric field distribution mapping related to: Nondestructive Testing (NDT), imaging applications (SAR, Holography), and antenna pattern measurements.
Language:
English
Notes:
I2MTC 2008 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference British Columbia 12-15 May 2008

74-02 LIGHT
Aug 31, 2008 -- Additions to the NASA scientific and technical information knowledge base

Title:
Dispersion Tolerance Calculation for NSLS-II
Document ID:
20080031077
Report #:
DE2007-910408, BNL-77532-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Lin, F. Guo, W. Krinsky, S.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
In this paper we discuss the effect on the emittance of the residual dispersion in the insertion devices. The dispersion in the straights could be generated by the lattice error, trim dipole, and insertion device. The effect on the emittance is examined, and the dispersion tolerances are given for the NSLS-11.
Language:
English

Title:
Beat Frequency RF Modulator for Generation of Low Repetition Rate Electron Microbunches for the CEBAF Polarized Source
Document ID:
20080031546
Report #:
DE2007-910457
Sales Agency:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No Copyright
Author(s):
Musson, J. Grames, J. Hansknecht, J. Kazimi, R. Poelker, M.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, United States)
Pages:
3
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Fiber-based drive lasers now produce all of the spin-polarized electron beams at CEBAF/Jefferson Lab. The flexibility of these drive lasers, combined with the existing three-beam CEBAF photoinjector Chopper, provides a means to implement a beat frequency technique to produce long time intervals between individual electron microbunches (tens of nanoseconds) by merely varying the nominal 499 MHz drive laser frequency by < 20%. This submission describes the RF Laser modulator that uses a divider and heterodyne scheme to maintain coherence with the accelerator Master Oscillator (MO), while providing delay resolution in increments of 2ns. Some possible uses for such a beam are discussed as well as intended future development.
Language:
English

Title:
Stereoscopic Imaging in Hypersonics Boundary Layers using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence
Document ID:
20080031613
Report #:
AIAA 2008-4267
Available Online:
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20080031613
Sales Agency:
CASI Hardcopy A03 No Copyright
Author(s):
Danehy, Paul M. (NASA Langley Research Center) Bathel, Brett (Virginia Univ.) Inman, Jennifer A. (NASA Langley Research Center) Alderfer, David W. (NASA Langley Research Center) Jones, Stephen B. (NASA Langley Research Center)
Published:
20080623
Source:
NASA Langley Research Center (Hampton, VA, United States)
Pages:
14
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
Stereoscopic time-resolved visualization of three-dimensional structures in a hypersonic flow has been performed for the first time. Nitric Oxide (NO) was seeded into hypersonic boundary layer flows that were designed to transition from laminar to turbulent. A thick laser sheet illuminated and excited the NO, causing spatially-varying fluorescence. Two cameras in a stereoscopic configuration were used to image the fluorescence. The images were processed in a computer visualization environment to provide stereoscopic image pairs. Two methods were used to display these image pairs: a cross-eyed viewing method which can be viewed by naked eyes, and red/blue anaglyphs, which require viewing through red/blue glasses. The images visualized three-dimensional information that would be lost if conventional planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging had been used. Two model configurations were studied in NASA Langley Research Center's 31-Inch Mach 10 Air Wind tunnel. One model was a 10 degree half-angle wedge containing a small protuberance to force the flow to transition. The other model was a 1/3-scale, truncated Hyper-X forebody model with blowing through a series of holes to force the boundary layer flow to transition to turbulence. In the former case, low flowrates of pure NO seeded and marked the boundary layer fluid. In the latter, a trace concentration of NO was seeded into the injected N2 gas. The three-dimensional visualizations have an effective time resolution of about 500 ns, which is fast enough to freeze this hypersonic flow. The 512x512 resolution of the resulting images is much higher than high-speed laser-sheet scanning systems with similar time response, which typically measure 10-20 planes.
Language:
English
Notes:
38th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit Seattle, WA 23-26 Jun. 2008

Title:
Design of Beam Transfer Lines for the NSLS II
Document ID:
20080031635
Report #:
DE2007-910426, BNL-77559-2007-CP
Sales Agency:
Department of Energy Information Bridge No Copyright
Author(s):
Tsoupas, N. Shaftan, T. Rose, J. Pinayev, I. Heese, R.
Published:
20070101
Source:
Brookhaven National Lab. (Upton, NY, United States)
Pages:
5
Contract #:
None
Abstract:
The NSLS-II light source which is a proposed facility to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory utilizes two synchrotron accelerator rings: the booster and the Storage ring (SR). Designing the NSLS-11 injector we considered two options for the booster layout, where the rings either (a) share the same tunnel, but placed at different horizontal planes or (b) booster is located in a separate building. The booster which accepts beam from the linac, accelerates the electron beam to an energy of 3.0 GeV and the beam is extracted to the Booster to Storage Ring (BtS) transport line which transports the beam and injects it into the SR ring. The design procedure for each of the two options of the BtS line and other details about the optics and the magnetic elem